Total Bilirubin (Blood)
Does this test have other names?
Total serum bilirubin, TSB
What is this test?
This is a blood test that measures the amount of a substance called bilirubin. This
test is used to find out how well your liver is working. It is often part of a panel
of tests that measure liver function. A small amount of bilirubin in your blood is
normal, but a high level may be a sign of liver disease.
The liver makes bile to help you digest food, and bile contains bilirubin. Most bilirubin
comes from the body's normal process of breaking down old red blood cells. A healthy
liver can normally get rid of bilirubin. But when you have liver problems, bilirubin
can build up in your body to unhealthy levels.
Why do I need this test?
You may need this test if you have symptoms of liver damage or disease. Symptoms include:
You may also have your bilirubin level tested regularly if you are being treated for
liver disease.
Many healthy newborns also develop jaundice. Most jaundice in babies causes no problems.
But babies are often tested shortly after birth because a high bilirubin level may
affect the brain, lead to deafness, and cause intellectual or developmental disabilities.
What other tests might I have along with this test?
You may have other blood tests to find the cause of your liver problems. You may also
have urine tests, an ultrasound or other imaging scans of your belly, or a liver biopsy.
For newborns, healthcare providers often order a urine test in addition to the bilirubin
test.
What do my test results mean?
Test results may vary depending on your age, gender, health history, and other things.
Your test results may be different depending on the lab used. They may not mean you
have a problem. Ask your healthcare provider what your test results mean for you.
Bilirubin results depend on your age, gender, and health. Normal bilirubin levels
are generally less than 1 milligram per deciliter (mg/dL). Adults with jaundice generally
have bilirubin levels greater than 2.5mg/dL. In an otherwise healthy newborn, bilirubin
levels greater than 15 mg/dL may cause problems.
How is the test done?
The test is done with a blood sample. A needle is used to draw blood from a vein in
your arm or hand. For a baby, the blood sample is taken from the heel with a small
needle stick.
Does this test pose any risks?
Having a blood test with a needle carries some risks. These include bleeding, infection,
bruising, and feeling lightheaded. When the needle pricks your arm or hand, you may
feel a slight sting or pain. Afterward, the site may be sore.
What might affect my test results?
Medicines and herbal supplements can increase your bilirubin level. Pregnancy and
drinking alcohol can also cause a buildup of bilirubin in your liver.
How do I get ready for this test?
Follow your healthcare provider's directions about not eating or drinking before the
test. Ask your provider if there is anything else you should do to get ready for this
test. Tell your provider about all medicines, herbs, vitamins, and supplements you
are taking. This includes medicines that don't need a prescription and any illegal
drugs you may use.