Bone Health

After the age of 50, one in three women and one in five men will experience a bone fracture as a result of osteoporosis—yet most people are not even aware that they have it. Generally, osteoporosis has no visible symptoms until the first fracture occurs. Early detection can help prevent bone density loss, fractures, and the loss of height that results from spinal fractures over time.

Causes

Osteoporosis often goes unnoticed until a person experiences a fracture from a minor fall, which may indicate underlying bone weakness. Other key causes include hormonal changes during perimenopause or menopause, nutritional deficiencies in calcium and vitamin D, and lifestyle factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, excessive alcohol consumption, and smoking. These factors can significantly weaken bones and increase the risk of osteoporosis.

Diagnosis and Treatments

At UR Medicine, we recognize that bone disease can arise from various causes, which is why we utilize advanced diagnostic tools to thoroughly assess your condition. During a comprehensive physical exam, we gather detailed medical histories and may inquire about symptoms you might not connect to bone health. Based on this complete evaluation, our doctors may recommend a DEXA scan, x-ray, or other tests to identify the underlying causes. We also emphasize the importance of dietary and lifestyle changes to improve bone health, collaborating with you to create a personalized treatment plan based on your bone density evaluation. 

Falls and Fall Prevention

Each year, about one-third of adults over 65 experience a fall, and the risk increases with age—more than half of those over 80 fall annually. While a serious fall can lead to hospitalization, rehab, or loss of independence, the good news is that fall risk can be reduced with the right knowledge and precautions. Learn more about our specialized services for fall prevention and geriatric fracture care.

Causes

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent form of arthritis, characterized by the degeneration of joint cartilage. It can affect any joint but most commonly impacts the hands, knees, hips, shoulders, elbows, and spine. The persistent pain associated with OA often limits daily activities, making tasks like using a computer or carrying groceries challenging, and can reduce social interactions. Key risk factors include obesity, genetic predisposition, and previous joint injuries or overuse.

Diagnosis and Treatment (PT, medicine, all options)

Treatment for osteoarthritis depends on your symptoms, age, overall health, and the severity of the condition. Our main goals are to reduce pain and stiffness and improve joint function to get you moving freely again. We work collaboratively with other departments across UR Medicine, such as Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rheumatology, and Fitness Science, to develop a personalized treatment plan. Options may include pain management and medication, exercise, physical and occupational therapy, weight management, and injections like lubricants or corticosteroids. In severe cases, surgery to repair or replace a damaged joint may be necessary.